Phloem Vascular Tissue


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Phloem Vascular Tissue

Phloem Vascular Tissue: In plants their are two types of conducting tissues  : Xylem and  Phloem . Phloem is a complex permanent tissue that translocate substances like food, minerals and hormones from the part of synthesis to other parts of the plant.  The food manufactured in leaves is translocated upwards, downwards and laterally to all parts of the plant through the phloem. The phloem also conducts some other substances such as amino acids. The conducting cells of the phloem are cylindrical cells called ‘sieve tubes’, which have sieve like partitions at both ends. These partitions are called ‘sieve plates.’ Besides sieve tubes, phloem has companion cells and phloem parenchyma. Phloem  consist of different type of cells :

1. Sieve tubes : These are elongated, cylindrical tubes with perforated end walls known as sieve plates. These are placed end to end in a linear row. they have vacuolated cytoplasm and lacks nucleus.

2. Companion cells: They are associated with sieve tubes.they have dense cytoplasm and nucleus. They help sieve tubes int the conduction of food material.

3. Phloem Parenchyma: They are thin walled and living and help in storage of food.

4. Phloem fibres: They  provide mechanical support to the tissue. They are non living , thick walled ,elongated and spindle shaped cells. Commercially used phloem fibres are jute, Hemp, Flex etc.

Sucrose is the main form of carbohydrate that is translocated in plants. Its translocation into the phloem tissue occurs with the expenditure of energy through ATP, which increases the osmotic pressure of the tissue causing water to move into it.

Sample Questions
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Question : 1

Which of the following are correct :

(a) Sieve tubes provide mechanical support to the tissue.

(b) Sucrose is the main form of carbohydrate that is translocated in plants

Right Option : B
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Question : 2

Which of the following type of cells are present in Phloem ?

Right Option : D
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Question : 3

_____________________ provide mechanical support to the tissue and are non living, thick walled ,elongated and spindle shaped cells.

Right Option : C
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